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Products that do what An LLM purpose built for data annotation, outperforms GPT-3.5 does

Try it out here: https://labs.refuel.ai/playground Refuel LLM (84.2%) outperforms trained human annotators (80.4%), GPT-3-5-turbo (81.3%), PaLM-2 (82.3%) and Claude (79.3%) across a benchmark of 15 text labeling datasets. It is a Llama-v2-13b base model, trained on over 2500 unique datasets (5.24B tokens) spanning categories such as classification, entity resolution, matching, reading comprehension and information extraction.

  1. 1NL

    Refuel LLM (84.2%) outperforms trained human annotators (80.4%), GPT-3-5-turbo (81.3%), PaLM-2 (82.3%) and Claude (79.3%) across a benchmark of 15 text labeling datasets. It is a Llama-v2-13b base model, trained on over 2500 unique datasets (5.24B tokens) spanning categories such as classification, entity resolution, matching, reading comprehension and information extraction. Here is the interactive demo: https://labs.refuel.ai/playground. Pretty fun to play with!

    2023

  2. 2AP

    Hey, Jared Palmer (creator of this playground) here. Really excited to ship this. I’ve been building this over the past few weeks to compare LLMs from different providers like OpenAI, Anthropic, Cohere, etc. At Vercel, I manage our Frameworks division (including Next.js, Svelte, and Turbo) and wanted to also dogfood some of the latest features in a slightly larger application. This playground takes a lot of inspiration from https://nat.dev and is built on Tailwind, ui.shadcn.com, and some upcoming Vercel products we’re announcing soon. We’re going to continue adding models to…

    2023 · play.vercel.ai

  3. 3
    GPT‑5.4475

    OpenAI's most efficient model: less tokens, more clarity

    Mar 2026

  4. 4OS

    And you can try out the models live here: https://labs.refuel.ai/playground

    2024 · huggingface.co

  5. 5
    LLM Stats308

    Compare API models by benchmarks, cost & capabilities

    Oct 2025

  6. 6FL

    I've been playing around with https://github.com/zphang/minimal-llama/ and https://github.com/tloen/alpaca-lora/blob/main/finetune.py, and wanted to create a simple UI where you can just paste text, tweak the parameters, and finetune the model quickly using a modern GPU. To prepare the data, simply separate your text with two blank lines. There's an inference tab, so you can test how the tuned model behaves. This is my first foray into the world of LLM finetuning, Python, Torch, Transformers, LoRA, PEFT, and Gradio. Enjoy!

    2023 · github.com

  7. 78F

    Hi HN! I'm just sharing a project I've been working on during the LLM Efficiency Challenge - you can now finetune Llama with QLoRA 5x faster than Huggingface's original implementation on your own local GPU. Some highlights: 1. Manual autograd engine - hand derived backprop steps. 2. QLoRA / LoRA 80% faster, 50% less memory. 3. All kernels written in OpenAI's Triton language. 4. 0% loss in accuracy - no approximation methods - all exact. 5. No change of hardware necessary. Supports NVIDIA GPUs since 2018+. CUDA 7.5+. 6. Flash Attention support via Xformers. 7. Supports 4bit and 16bit…

    2023 · github.com

  8. 8AT

    I recently built a small open-source tool to benchmark different LLM API endpoints — including OpenAI, Claude, and self-hosted models (like llama.cpp). It runs a configurable number of test requests and reports two key metrics: • First-token latency (ms): How long it takes for the first token to appear • Output speed (tokens/sec): Overall output fluency Demo: https://llmapitest.com/ Code: https://github.com/qjr87/llm-api-test The goal is to provide a simple, visual, and reproducible way to evaluate performance across different LLM providers, including…

    2025 · llmapitest.com

  9. 9FC

    Hi HN! I've found this visualization tool immensely helpful over the years for getting an intuition for how an LLM "sees" some piece of text, and with a bit of elbow grease decided to move all compute to client side so I could make it publicly available. I've found it particularly useful for - Understanding exactly how repetition and patterns affect a small LM's ability to predict correctly - Understanding different tokenization patterns and how it affects model output - Getting a general sense of how "hard" different prediction tasks are for GPT-style models Known problems (that I probably…

    2023 · perplexity.vercel.app

  10. 10

    LLM reinforcement fine-tuning platform to improve LLM output

    2025

  11. 11PT
  12. 12IL

    I have been working in AI space for a while now, first at FAANG with ML since 2021, then with LLM in start-ups since early 2023. I think LLM Application development is extremely iterative, more so than any other types of development. This is because to improve an LLM application performance (accuracy, hallucinations, latency, cost), you need to try various combinations of LLM models, prompt templates (e.g., few-shot, chain-of-thought), prompt context with different RAG architecture, different agent architecture, and more. There are thousands of possible combinations and you need a process…

    2024 · github.com

  13. 13DG

    2023 · github.com

  14. 14FL

    Recently I've been working on making LLM evaluations fast by using bayesian optimization to select a sensible subset. Bayesian optimization is used because it’s good for exploration / exploitation of expensive black box (paraphrase, LLM). I would love to hear your thoughts and suggestions on this!

    2024 · github.com

  15. 15IG

    2024 · columns.ai

  16. 16FL

    Hi HN community, I have been working on benchmarking publicly available LLMs these past couple of weeks. More precisely, I am interested on the finetuning piece since a lot of businesses are starting to entertain the idea of self-hosting LLMs trained on their proprietary data rather than relying on third party APIs. To this point, I am tracking the following 4 pillars of evaluation that businesses are typically look into: - Performance - Time to train an LLM - Cost to train an LLM - Inference (throughput / latency / cost per token) For each LLM, my aim is to benchmark them for…

    2023 · github.com

  17. 17OS

    Hey HN, I am the founder of Tensorlake. Prototyping LLM applications have become a lot easier, building decision making LLM applications that work on constantly updating data is still very challenging in production settings. The systems engineering problems that we have seen people face are - 1. Reliably process ingested content in real time if the application is sensitive to freshness of information. 2. Being able to bring in any kind of model, and run different parts of the pipeline on GPUs and CPUs. 3. Fault Tolerance to ingestion spike, compute infrastructure failure. 4. Scaling compute,…

    2024 · getindexify.ai

  18. 18LA

    G'day, HN! I'm one of the maintainers of `llm`. I've been working alongside a trusty group of contributors to bring this project to life, and we're now at a point where we're ready to share it with the world. Large language models (LLMs) are taking the computing world by storm due to their emergent abilities that allow them to perform a wide variety of tasks, including translation, summarization, code generation, and even some degree of reasoning. However, the ecosystem around LLMs is still in its infancy, and it can be difficult to get started with these models. `llm` is a one-stop shop for…

    2023 · github.com

  19. 19TO

    Hi HN! We're Gabriel & Viraj, and we're excited to open source TensorZero. To be a little cheeky, TensorZero is an open-source platform that helps LLM applications graduate from API wrappers into defensible AI products. 1. Integrate our model gateway 2. Send metrics or feedback 3. Unlock compounding improvements in quality, cost, and latency It enables a data & learning flywheel for LLMs by unifying: • Inference: one API for all LLMs, with <1ms P99 overhead • Observability: inference & feedback → your database • Optimization: better prompts, models, inference strategies • Experimentation:…

    2024 · github.com

  20. 20LP
  21. 21AO

    Hi, We are building an open-source framework for loading and structuring LLM context to create accurate and explainable LLM answers using knowledge graphs and vector stores. We built the tool with four main concepts in mind: 1. Loader -> uses dlt in the backend to load and structure the data 2. Cognify step -> creates a graph with summaries, labels and factoids that are interconnected across the documents and stored as a representation in the vector store 3. Optimizer -> Uses DSPy to optimize LLM queries, and we plan to extend it to most of the knobs we can turn, like chunking etc. 4. Search…

    2024 · github.com

  22. 22LC

    The standard AI energy debate compares server-side LLM inference to a server-side Google query. I think this misses most of what actually happens on a mobile device during a real search session. I built a parametric model of the full end-to-end mobile search session: 4G&#x2F;5G radio energy, SoC rendering cost for a 2.5MB page, programmatic advertising RTB auctions running in the background, and network transmission costs for both sides. Then compared it to an equivalent LLM session. Main finding across 10,000 Monte Carlo draws: on mobile, a standard LLM session uses on average 5.4x less…

    Apr 2026 · dupr.at

  23. 23BA

    Hi HN, Erik here. Today we launch Butter, an OpenAI-compatible API proxy that caches LLM generations and serves them deterministically on revisit. Since April, we’ve been working on this concept of “muscle memory,” or deterministic replay, for agent systems performing automations. You may recall our first post in May, launching a python package called Muscle Mem: https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=43988381 Since then, the product has evolved entirely, now taking the form of an LLM Proxy. For a deep dive into this process, check out:…

    Oct 2025 · docs.butter.dev

  24. 24MA

    My puny version of ChatGPT. This was based on the excellent LLM lecture series by Andrej Karpathy: https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=kCc8FmEb1nY The main points of differentiation are that my version is token-based (tiktoken) with code to load up multiple text files as a trining set. Plus, it has a minimal server which is a drop-in replacement for the OpenAI REST API. So you can train the default tiny 15M parameter model, and use that in your projects instead of ChatGPT. I trained it on 20Mb of Project Gutenberg encyclopaedias, then fine-tuned it on 120 dad jokes, to get a Q: A:…

    2023 · github.com

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